13th Century knights in battle, from the Morgan Bible (c.1250)
Over the last couple of years, I’ve been trying to assemble a list of all the knights and other men attested as being present at the Battle of Evesham, fought between Simon de Montfort and Lord Edward, son of King Henry III, on August the 4th 1265.
Many of these men are listed in literary accounts as having been killed or captured in the fighting, or having played some part in the battle. Others are mentioned in the subsequent official enquiries that sought to identify rebels who had sided with Simon de Montfort, and in some cases named the battles in which they had participated.
The annotated list below comprises all the names I have so far been able to track down in records and literary sources, together with whatever biographical information I could find about each man. I’ve restricted the list solely to those specifically mentioned as having been at Evesham, rather than being rebels more generally. Some are listed as ‘unconfirmed’, largely because I’ve been unable as yet to verify evidence cited by others.
Because of the nature of the sources, we have a far better idea of the knights who fought for de Montfort that day. Those on Edward’s side are harder to identify; I’ve included here only those specifically mentioned by name. There are a few more unconfirmed as well.
If anyone knows of further evidence for men present at the battle, please do let me know using the link at the bottom of the page. This list is a work in progress!
Abbreviations: CPR = Calendar of Patent Rolls. Cal Inq Misc = Calendar of Inquests Miscellaneous. Cor Reg Roll = Coram Rege Rolls. Other primary sources given by name. ‘Cox’ is The Battle of Evesham, a New Account by Dr David C. Cox (2019); ‘Knowles’ is The Disinherited, 1265-1280: a political and social study of the supporters of Simon de Montfort and the resettlement after the Barons’ War, C.H. Knowles (1959).
Monfortians (confirmed)
Arden, Thomas de. Lord of Rotley, Warwickshire. Tenant and vassal of Peter de Montfort. Also held the manor of Pedemore, and lands and tenants in Crudworth, Minneworth, Moxhull, Esthendmore, and Overton. Lands confiscated after Evesham and granted to his cousin, Thomas de Ardern of Hanwell. Cal Inq Misc 930: “Thomas de Ardena, taken at Evesham, had the manor of Rotteleg… which Thomas received because he had seisin of the manor before the Exaltation of the Cross.” In 1272, went on pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostella with Peter de Montfort Jr.
Argentein, Giles de. Lord of Wymondley in Hertfordshire and Melbourn in Cambridgeshire. Son of the crusading knight Richard de Argentein. Fought in Poitou and in Wales, where he was briefly captured by Llewelyn ap Gruffud. One of the twelve baronial members of the governing council of 1258. Constable of Windsor in August 1263, and after Lewes appointed to the governing baronial council of nine. Cal Inq Misc 816: “Giles de Argentein was against the king at Evesham. He has land, a water mill, rents and services… in Flicham… which the earl of Warenne seized.” Cal Inq Misc 819: “Sir Giles de Argentem was at the battle of Evesham with his force.” Pardoned in February 1266 and recovered his principal estates at Wymondley, Halesworth, Melbourn and Newmarket.
Astley, Thomas de. Lord of Astley, Warwickshire. Steward to Simon de Montfort. Married firstly Joane de Blois, secondly Edith Constable of Melton Constable, Norfolk. CPR Jan 12th 1266: “Grant, by way of grace and humanity, to Edith late the wife of Thomas de Estleye the king’s enemy killed in the battle of Evesham, that, out of the lands late of the said Thomas in Estleye, Brouton, Cotes, Lilleburn, Crek, Wiliby, Wetinton, Heham and Copeston, which the king lately gave to Warin de Bassingburn… she shall have all the lands late of her husband of the said towns of Wileby, Wetinton and Heyham… for the maintenance of herself and her children for her life, by the title of a free tenement, rendering yearly to the said Warin and his heirs 1 mark at Midsummer.” College of Arms MS: “And in this battle there fell together with Earl Simon… Sir Thomas of Astley…”
Balliol, Guy de. Lord of Cavours, or Cavers, in Scotland. Served as de Montfort’s standard-bearer. Son of Henry de Balliol of Cavours, Chamberlain of Scotland. Brother of Alexander de Balliol and nephew of Eustace de Balliol. (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “Guy Bayselle”) Melrose: “that bold knight, Guy de Balliol, carrying Simon's standard… a valiant Scottish knight… he was killed.” Guisborough: “And there fell with him in a small area of ground… lord Guy de Baylloff… and many other nobles along with a great number of people.”
Basset, Ralph, of Drayton. Lord of Drayton in Staffordshire. Brother in law of Roger de Someri. Appointed keeper of the peace in Shropshire and Staffordshire on 7 June 1264. Held Shrewsbury for de Montfort in June 1265. Cal Inq Misc 739 (Leics): “The manor of Ketelby and Holewelle was in the hand of Ralph Basset who was killed at Evesham.” (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “Ralph Basset of Draycote”); Wykes: “Peter de Montfort, Ralph Basset, and other renowned men, were slain amid the mournful destruction of the English army.” Cal Inq Misc 848: “Sir R. de Tibetot seized the manor of Colston Basset after the battle (conflictum) of Evesham…This manor before the troubles (ante perturbaeionem guerre) belonged to Ralph son of Sir Ralph Basset, who was killed at Evesham in the battle.”
Beauchamp, John de. Baron of Bedford. Held the castle and barony of Bedford, the manor of Beauchamp, Essex, one messuage in Hendon, Middlesex, and one messuage in Ickleton, Cambridgeshire, the manors of Hawnes, Stotfold and Willington, lands in Wotton, Bromham and Barford in Bedfordshire and Lincelade in Buckinghamshire. Inherited the title on coming of age c.1264-5, after the death in 1262 of elder brother William, who in turn had inherited it from their father William, Baron of the Exchequer, Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, hereditary Grand Almoner at the Coronation of King Henry III, who died in 1260. Cal Inq Misc 936: “John de Bello Campo of Bedeford was a rebel and was killed at Evesham.” Wykes: “…And who could contain their tears at the death of John de Beauchamp? These two contemporaries excelled in the elegance of their bodies, but could not rightly be excused by their age.” (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “John de Beauchamp of Bedford”). Rishanger: “…John de Beauchamp, who on the same day had first raised his flag; and many others and squires too, rendering their bodies to the earth of the same lamentable plain, and were brought to heaven as blessed souls, as we believe.”
Becard, John. Possibly from Burton Leonard in Yorkshire. Household knight of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, and granted by him the annual rent of 100s from the Abbey of Thame, Oxfordshire. Son Peter Becard based in Yorkshire where he later held half a fee of Lord Edmund. CPR Nov 1st 1268: “John Becard, killed when against the king in the battle of Evesham...”
Berham, Henry de. Lord of Barham Court, near Canterbury, and Teston, on the Medway near Maidstone. Son of Gilbert Fitz Urse de Bereham and Lucy de Ocholte. Married Joan de Saxonhurst on 24 July 1255, in Kent. Paid an aid on the lands he had inherited from his father at Barham on the occasion of the knighting of Prince Edward, in 1254. Cal Inq Misc 1024 “Henry de Berham and Richard, his brother, were against the king at the battle of Evesham with Sir Henry de Monte Forti; the land of the said Henry de Berham in Berham is of the yearly value of £20, William de Apelton holds it in the name of wardship of the said Henry’s heir; the land of the said Richard in Byerton is of the yearly value of 40s. and the said Richard holds it. The lands of the said Henry and Richard were never seized into the king’s hand.”.
Berham, Richard de. Brother of the above. Cal Inq Misc 1024: “Henry de Berham and Richard, his brother, were against the king at the battle of Evesham with Sir Henry de Monte Forti”.
Birmingham, William de. CPR Feb 4th 1268: “whereas the king lately gave to Roger de Clifford the lands late of William de Birmyngeham, killed against the king in the battle of Evesham, and Roger de Somery, lord of the heir of the said William who held those lands of him…” Cal Inq Misc 631: “Half the manor of Dorton was held by William de Bermingham… Rents last Michaelmas… were paid to lady Isabel de Bermingham through Alexander reeve of the manor. The said William was killed at Evesham because he was against the king.” Cal Inq Misc 633: “William de Bermingham held the manor of Hoggeston in demesne. He was killed at Evesham on the side of Sir Simon de Monte Forti. The manor is worth £10 a year. Sir Roger de Clifford is in seisin and his bailiffs received the Michaelmas rent of 26s. 3d.” (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “William of Burmugham”).
Bluet, Ralph. Lord of Hinton Bluet in Wiltshire. Younger brother of William Bluet, both former wards of Simon de Montfort from c.1243. William Bluet given respite from knighthood in 1253, 1256 and 1258. Cal Inq Misc 866: “Sir Ralph Bluet was a rebel (cursor contra regem). His land of Henton is worth 6 marks a year. The Michaelmas rent, viz. 15s. 6d., was collected by the reeve on the feast of St. Bartholomew last and spent in harvesting. The land is in the hand of Sir Edward.” Mention at an assize of 1280 on ownership of tenements in Hinton Bluet that “Ralf Bluet was killed at Evesham against the king.” (Feet of Fines Somerset Record Society, vol 44).
Bohun, Humphrey de, the Younger. Lord of Brecon, Lord of Kimbolton, Baron of Kington. Eldest son and heir of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex. Married firstly, by February 1248, to Eleanor de Braose, daughter and co-heiress of William de Braose, Lord Abergavenny, and Eva Marshal. Gained Lordship of Brecon, Hay and Huntington, Kington, and Haverford in Pembrokeshire. Served with his father in Gascony in 1253 and then with Lord Edward in Wales. Disputed inheritance of de Braose lands with Roger Mortimer in 1259. Represented Simon de Montfort at Mise of Amiens January 1264. Fought at Lewes in May 1264. Constable of Winchester from July 1264. Married second wife Joane de Quincy before September 1264. Commanded de Montfort’s Welsh infantry at Evesham. Cal Inq Misc 610: “Sir Humphrey de Booun, the younger, was at Evesham with his men (cum posse suo) aiding Sir Simon de Monteforti.” Cal Inq Misc 927: “Humphrey de Boun, taken in the battle of Evesham, had land and rent in Budiford and Brome...” College of Arms MS: “Sir Humphrey de Bohun was captured as he fled and taken to Beeston, where he was kept under close arrest until he died in prison.” Died in captivity at Beeston Castle 27th Oct 1265. Buried at Combermere Abbey. Chronicle of Llanthony Abbey: “The aforesaid Humphrey… was taken prisoner in the battle of Evesham… and he was sent to the castle of Bystone, near Chester, in which castle he died on the vigil of Saints Simon and Jude next after the said war, in the custody of the king, while his father was alive, and he lies in the abbey of Cumbremere.”
Bolesdun, Humphrey de. Cal Inq Misc 860: “Humphrey de Bolesdun was a rebel and was killed at the battle (in duello) of Evesham. He held land worth £10 a year in Trente of Sir Humphrey de Boun in chief. Roger de Mortimer now has seisin and took the last Michaelmas rent...”
Boyton, William de. Lord of Boyton and Newton, Suffolk, both held in chief of the king. Also held lordship of Langford in Norfolk. CPR Jan 7th 1266: “Grant, by way of grace and humanity, to Agnes late the wife of William de Boyton;, the king's enemy, lately killed in the battle at Evesham, that of the lands late of the said William in Langeford, Boyton and Newenton, which the king has given to William Belet… she shall have the manor of Neuwenton, extended at… 18s. a year, and 25s. and 3 quarters of oats yearly of the rent of the villeins of Langeford, for the maintenance of herself and her children, for her life, by the title of a free tenement.” Lands granted to William Belet for five years in lieu of redemption fine, with wardship of de Boyton’s son and heir William. Son William held the manor under Edward and Edward II, and was a knight of the shire for Suffolk.
Burdeyt, Robert. Cal Inq Misc 771: “Robert Burdeyt was in the service of the earl of Leicester at Evesham. He had 6 virgates of land in Lowesby worth 60s. He received the Michaelmas rent himself, viz. 15s.”
Caleye, or Cailly, Thomas de. Family seem to have come from Buckenham in Norfolk. Cal Inq Misc 837 (Hundred of Gildesbury): “Thomas de Caleye was killed in the battle of Evesham (Hevesliam), being with the earl of Leicester. The earl of Gloucester seized his lands, &c. in Crec, Cotes and Lilleburn. The earl’s bailiff, Roger Querdeliun, received from Crec 6 marks of Michaelmas aid, from Cotes £5. 4s. and from Lilleburn £3. 4s..”
Chenduit, or Chendut, Ralph de. Lord of Woolhampton in Berkshire, possibly as a tenant of Robert de Ferrers. Possibly also of Hemel Hempstead in Hertfordshire, where Ralph de Chenduit, about 1235, had a suit with the Abbot of St. Albans respecting free warren. Cal Inq Misc 624: “Sir Ralph de Chendut, knight, was at Evesham against the king and Sir Edward. His lands and rents in Wolamton are worth 5 marks a year and Ralph de Grenham received Michaelmas rent therefrom.”
Colesworth or Culworth, Richard de. Lord of Culworth and Sulgrave in Northants, Borham in Essex, etc. Son of William de Culworth, formerly sheriff of Northants and Essex. Brother of Hugh de Culwurth, who was later in the garrison at Kenilworth and at Dover with Eleanor de Montfort. Cal Inq Misc 617: “Sir Richard de Calewrthe, taken at Evesham in arms against the king, had a carucate in Ellentone worth 10 marks a year. William de Diddewrthe seized it after the battle.” CPR Feb 4th 1266: “Grant to Erneburga wife of Richard de Culwrth, the king's enemy, that of the lands of the said Richard in Culewrth Sulegrave, Suldhorn, Gyvele, Borham and Evesham; she shall have the manor of Evesham, which is said to be of her inheritance, for the maintenance of herself and her children, until the king ordain otherwise.”
Crammavill, Henry de. Lands in Kent. Crammavill family held South Hall in Rainham in demesne, also a mesne tenancy of the honor of Peverel of Dover at Gravesend, in Stifford and Thurrock, probably Grays Thurrock. Cal Inq Misc 609: “Henry de Cramarvill of Eddeworth was at the battle of Evesham (Everesham) against Sir Edward, and was taken prisoner there.”
Cranesly, Thomas de (or Cransley, or Cronesley). In the retinue of Henry de Hastings. Cal Inq Misc 772: “Thomas de Cronesleye was killed at Evesham. He had 7 virgates of land and a mill at Wytherderleye worth 100s. Sir H. Lestrange received the Michaelmas rent… at the feast of the Nativity of St. Mary.” Cal Inq Misc 843: “Sir Thomas de Cranesle, knight, was with Sir H. de Hastinges at the battle of Evesham. It is believed that he is dead.”
Crepping, Walter de aka Crespigny (Paris), or Despigny (Westminster). Held land in Colne and Crepping of Bury St. Edmund's abbey, and other lands as a tenant of Richard de Clare. Appointed steward of the king’s household after Lewes. College of Arms MS: “And in this battle there fell together with Earl Simon… Sir [Robert] of Crepping and several other knights whose names were not known…” Paris: “Besides the earl, there fell, in that battle twelve knights banneret; namely… Walter de Crespigny…” Westminster Annals: “Walter de Despigny…fell in the battle…”
Crevequer, Robert de. Baron of Chatham and Lord of Leeds Castle, Kent. At inquisition post mortem for his father Hamo de Creuequer and his ‘sometime’ wife Maud de Averenches, 47 Hen III (1263), Robert is aged 24 and more. Cal Inq Misc 1024: “Sir Robert de Crevequer was with the earl of Leicester… at the Battle of Lewes, at Winchester, at the Battle of Evesham, and elsewhere.” Knighted by Simon de Montfort before the Battle of Lewes, according to Gervase of Canterbury. After Evesham, lands forfeited to Roger de Leyburne, then exchanged in 1268 for the manors of Trotiscliffe and Fleet. By 1278 Robert had relinquished his remaining share of the Barony of Crevequer. In 1316, his Inquisition Port Mortem states that Robert died seized of Penmeyn and Lessemeyn in the Cantred of Ros and the lands of Prestalton and Maylorseysenek.
Curzon, Henry de. Held Kedleston and possibly Croxhall as tenant of the de Ferrers Earls of Derby. Also held land at Bentley, as tenant and vassal of Henry de Hastings, who held neighbouring Polesworth. Cal Inq Misc 644: “The same bailiffs seized the land of Henry de Cursun in Chadclesdene, worth two marks a year… He was taken at the battle of Evesham, but afterwards made his peace and recovered seisin.” Cal Inq Misc 928: “Henry de Corsoun, taken in the battle of Evesham, against the king, held a moiety of Benetleye worth 13s. 4d., and he had in Scliotesbroke 16s. 6d. of yearly rent. Nothing was due this Michaelmas. He held of the fee of Moubray.”
Dene, Fulke de. In the retinue of John FitzJohn. Cal Inq Misc 835 (Hundred of Corby): “Fulk de Den was at the battle of Evesham (Hevessham) with Sir John son of John and was killed there. His land in Dene, worth £6, was seized by Sir Edward’s bailiffs. Sir Nicholas de Den, Fulk’s father, now holds it.”
Despenser, Hugh. Son of the steward to Ranulf Earl of Chester. Accompanied Richard of Cornwall to Germany in 1257. Named associate executor of the will of Simon de Montfort in 1259. Justiciar of England from 1260 (succeeding Hugh Bigod) and Constable of the Tower of London. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the Commune of London in March 1264. Fought at Lewes May 1264. Summoned to Parliament in December 1264 as Baron Despenser. Cal Inq Misc 772: “Hugh Despensarius was killed at Evesham. He had Huclescot and Donigton worth £15, and his wife is put in seisin by the king.” Paris: “Besides the earl, there fell… Hugh Despenser justiciary of England…” Wykes: “Hugh Dispenser, cut down among his fellow soldiers, died after being stabbed with a deadly dagger.” Buried in Evesham Abbey. Wife Aline Basset held the Tower of London until surrendering it in August 1265.
Devereux, William. Lord of Lyonshall Castle, with many other manors of Herefordshire, Shropshire, Cambridgeshire and Somerset. Mother was Isabel de Cantilupe, sister of the Bishop of Worcester. Fought in Welsh wars and Gascony. Married daughter of Hugh Bigod, Earl of Norfolk. Second marriage to Maud/Matilda Giffard. Fought for the king at Lewes, returned home with other Marcher Lords. Switched to de Montfort’s side in early 1265. Killed at Evesham (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “William Devereus”). College of Arms MS: “And in this battle there fell together with Earl Simon…Sir William de Evereux… and several other knights whose names were not known…”
Doye, or D’Oye, Robert. Servant of justiciar Hugh Bigod in 1260. CPR Oct 3rd 1260: “Robert Doye and John his brother” granted “wardship and marriage of the heirs of Robert, lord of Hautham, and the wardship of their lands.” Cal Inq Misc 739, Hundred of Kalehelle, Kent: “Sir Robert Doye was at the battle of Evesham. After the battle of Lewes, he seized a tenement of John de Bernefeld called Bernefeld, which he held until the battle of Evesham...” CPR 18 Oct 1267: “Pardon to Robert Doy, in consideration of the laudable service of Gocelin Doye, his father, to the king and his ancestors, of the king’s indignation and rancour of mind conceived towards him by occasion of the disturbance had in the realm; and of all trespasses done by him in that time.”
Dyve, John de. Lord of manors of Deddington, Oxfordshire, and Wicken, Northants, granted to Osbert Giffard after his death, and Ducklington, Oxfordshire, granted as dower to his widow Sibyl. In 1273 John’s son Henry de Dive, married to Edelina Corbet, sued Giffard for the return of his lands (Cor Reg Roll). Cal Inq Misc 853: “John Dive was at the battle of Evesham with the king and the earl of Leicester. The manor of Dochelinton was his. It is worth £16 Michaelmas rent, 2 marks, 3s. 8d… Sir William de Valence seized it after the battle of Evesham. John came to the battle by the king’s command.” Osney: “There were slain with him that very hour the most noble and valiant men… John of Dyve”. Robt of Glouc: “sir John Dive thereto… And many a good man slain in that field”.
Elsefield, Gilbert de. Lord of Elsfield in Oxfordshire. Lands in Wiltshire, Warwickshire, and West Parley in Dorset. Opponent of William de Valence. Knight in the household of Hugh Despenser. Accompanied Richard of Cornwall to Germany in 1257. Cal Inq Misc 656: “Sir Gilbert de Hilesfeld was a rebel and was killed at Evesham. He held the town of Perley in the hundred of Craneburn worth 6 marks a year. Sir Thomas de Clare received all the profits. The Michaelmas rent amounted to 9s. 8d, which Sir Thomas received.” Osney: “There were slain with him that very hour the most noble and valiant men… Gilbert of Elsfield…” Robt of Glouc: “sir Gileberd of Eisnesfelde, And many a good man slain in that field.”
FitzGriffin, Laurence. Cal Inq Misc 614: “Laurence, son of Griffin, of Bedford, was openly with the earl of Leicester at the battle of Evesham. He had lands, &c. in Bedford worth 10s. a year…”
FitzJohn, John. Lord of Shere and Shalford, Surrey, Fambridge, Essex, Whaddon, Steeple Claydon, Quarrendon, and Aylesbury, Bucks, Cherhill and Winterslow, Wilts, Potterspury and Moulton, Northants, and Moreton Hampstead, Devon. Son of John FitzGeoffrey, leader of baronial opposition under King John, who died in November 1258. Received his father’s lands while still a minor by payment of £300. Knighted in 1264, either at Gloucester or London. Osney: “Nor was there on the earl’s side any man of valour, value, or fortitude who escaped death, aside from Sir John Fitz John, who was protected by the grace of God, and assisted by the judgement of Sir Roger de Clifford.”
Fitzneil, Robert. Lord of Salden manor near Mursley in Buckinghamshire Also held Iffley in Oxfordshire and other lands in Bedfordshire. May have been a member of Despenser’s household. Cal Inq Misc 633: “Robert son of Neal held the manor of Salden in demesne with part of Muresley. He was on the side of Sir Simon de Monte Forti, and was killed at Evesham. The manor is worth, with the aforesaid part of Muresleye, £20 a year. Sir John de Grey is in seisin and his bailiffs received the Michaelmas rent...” Lands granted to Walter de Merton 28 October 1265. Died before 15 September 1266, when his widow Grace was awarded a year’s protection.
FitzNigel, Robert. Cal Inq Misc 292: “the manor of La Hyde, late of Robert son of Nigel who was killed at Evesham.”
Forester, Henry the. Cal Inq Misc 844: “Henry the forester (Forestar) of Braybrok was in the battle of Evesham with Sir Thomas de Cranesle. His land in Braybroc and Clipston is worth 21s. The earl of Gloucester’s bailiff has seized it and received 2s. in Martinmas rent.”
Hardreshull, or Hartshill, Robert de. Lord of Hartshill Castle in Warwickshire, also Pultenheche and Paxton. Fought in the retinue of Henry de Hastings. Cal Inq Misc 718: “Sir Robert de Hardricheshull was at the battle of Evesham with Sir Henry de Hastinges and was killed there. He had land in Great Paxton worth £10. After his death Henry de Whaddon took seisin…” Cal Inq Misc 926: “Robert de Hardredeshull, killed at Evesham against the king, held the manor of Hardredeshull, worth £20. of the fee of Chester. Michaelmas rent, £4. 7s.” “Grant, by way of humanity and grace, to Margaret late the wife of Robert de Hardredeshull, the king's enemy, killed in the battle of Evesham, that of the lands of the said Robert in Pultenheche and Paxton which the king lately gave to Matthias Bezille…” John de Hartshill, Robert's brother, died in 1276 seised of the manor.
Hastings, Henry de. Lord of Ashill and Grissing, Norfolk; Blunham, Bedfordshire; Aston Flamville, Nailstone and Burbage in Leicestershire; Fillongley in Warwickshire; steward of the Abbey of St Edmundsbury; lord of other estates inherited from the earldom of Chester, including Pembrokes in Tottenham. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the Commune of London in March 1264. Possibly knighted by Simon de Montfort on the eve of the Battle of Lewes. Fought at Lewes May 1264. Taken prisoner at Evesham. Robt of Glouc: “Sir Henry de Hastinges… was then taken.” College of Arms MS: “Prisoners taken were Sir John fitz John, Sir Henry of Hastings, Sir John de Vescy, Sir Nicholas of Segrave, Sir Peter de Montfort the younger, and Guy de Montfort.” Imprisoned in Beeston Castle by Lord Edward (Annals of Chester); still in prison ‘of Thomas de Clare’ in February 1266 (CPR), but later fights at Chesterfield in May 1266 and leads the defence of Kenilworth June-December 1266 before joining the Ely rebels. Died before 1269.
Hoyville, Hugh de. In 1257 he went to Germany in the retinue of Richard of Cornwall. In January 1258 ‘Hugh de Hyvyle’ was exempted for life from being put on juries or assizes or from being made sheriff against his will, ‘at the instance of the queen’ (CPR). Hugh de Hoyville was killed at Evesham (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “Hugo de Hopvile”). Philip de Hoyville, either his son or brother, is listed as a ‘knight’ in the garrison at Kenilworth in August 1265.
Malteyn, William. Cal Inq Misc 936 (Hundred of Pershore): “the same John [de Chirchull] has in the same town 22 acres on lease of William Malteyn who was outlawed for felony a year ago in the county. None the less the said William was in the battle of Evesham with Sir Simon earl of Leicester.”
Mandeville, William de. Identity unclear. Wykes: “Whose heart would not grieve over the death of the young nobleman William de Mandewille, brother of the lord John, son of John, who was taken prisoner in the same battle within sight of his brother?” Possibly William de Mandeville of Bratton, son of Ralph de Mandeville of Highworth and Bratton in Wiltshire. Alternatively may have been a son of John FitzGeoffrey, and therefore younger brother of John FitzJohn as suggested by Wykes, who took the name de Mandeville.
Maners, William de or Manners. CPR Feb 25th 1266: “Remission, at the instance of Edward the king's son, to Baldwin de Maner, son and heir of William de Maner, of the king's indignation and rancour of mind conceived against him for trespasses done by his father in the disturbance had in the realm, and also because his said father was killed against the king in the conflict of Evesham; and restitution to him of his father's lands to hold in fee with any other lands and other goods which he may purchase hereafter.” Cal Inq Misc 831, Hundred of Wayland, Norfolk: “Sir William de Maneriis was killed at Evesham on the side of Sir S. de Monteforti. He held a manor ( extent given) in Kerbroc [Carbrook]. Peter de Risinge, the earl of Gloucester’s bailiff, received the Michaelmas rent, 23s. from the reeve of the manor and paid it to the earl’s superior bailiffs”
Marmion, William. Lord of Winteringham, Coningsby and Tanfield. Opponent of Peter of Savoy in Sussex. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the commune of London in March 1264. Fought at Lewes and captured Giles de Ashby. Cal Inq Misc 833: “Sir Simon de Monti Forti was at the Battle of Evesham…William Marmyun was with Sir Simon at the same battle. He married the relict of Sir Robert de Mars, who held the custody of the manor of Esseby of the king. Gilbert de Clare seized the said manor which is worth £12. and received 60s. at Michaelmas.”
Monmouth, Henry de. Lord of Morden in Herefordshire. Close Rolls 1268-72, p.450: “Henry de Munemuth, against us in the battle of Evesham; slain… during the aforesaid battle.”
Montfort, Guy de. Younger son of Simon, Earl of Leicester. Possibly knighted in London May 1264. Fought at Lewes. Captured at Evesham. College of Arms MS: “Prisoners taken were Sir John fitz John, Sir Henry of Hastings, Sir John de Vescy, Sir Nicholas of Segrave, Sir Peter de Montfort the younger, and Guy de Montfort.” Taken as prisoner to Beeston Castle (St Werburgh’s), then moved to Windsor and later Dover. Rishanger: “Guy de Montfort was imprisoned at Dover, and escaped.” Later travelled to Italy, where he fought for Charles of Anjou, and gained the title Count of Nola. Murdered Henry of Almain, the king’s nephew, at Viterbo in March 1271. Died in prison in Sicily c.1291.
Montfort, Henry de. Eldest son of Simon, Earl of Leicester. Born November 1238. Knighted by Lord Edward in 1260. Sent with baronial deputation to the Mise of Amiens. Sacked Worcester and fought at Gloucester in February 1264. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the commune of London in March 1264. Fought at Lewes May 1264. Constable of Dover and Warden of the Cinque Ports. Wykes: “Henry de Montfort, his firstborn and heir, perished in front of father by the sword.” Melrose: “It was he who struck the first blow in the battle; the blow was returned, and he was the first of the many who fell there and died, for he was pierced by several mortal wounds, inflicted by various hands.” Rishanger: “Henry, the first-born son of the earl… and many others and squires too, rendering their bodies to the earth of the same lamentable plain, and were brought to heaven as blessed souls, as we believe.”
Montfort, Peter de, the Younger. Son of Peter de Montfort. College of Arms MS: “Prisoners taken were Sir John fitz John, Sir Henry of Hastings, Sir John de Vescy, Sir Nicholas of Segrave, Sir Peter de Montfort the younger…” 28th June 1267, pardoned by Henry III for “all trespasses at the time of the disturbance in the kingdom.”
Montfort, Peter de. Lord of Beaudesert Castle in Warwickshire. Grandson of Walter de Cantilupe. Prolocutor (speaker) of Parliament. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the commune of London in March 1264. Constable of Hereford Castle. Sent to negotiate treaty with Llewellyn ap Gruffud at Pipton July 1265. Killed at Evesham August 1265. Paris: “Besides the earl, there fell, in that battle… Peter de Montfort…” Osney: “There were slain with him that very hour the most noble and valiant men… Peter de Montfort, and his eldest son…” Wykes: “Peter de Montfort, Ralph Basset, and other renowned men, were slain amid the mournful destruction of the English army.” Rishanger: “Peter the elder de Montfort was beheaded with contempt.”
Montfort, Robert de. Son of Peter de Montfort. Robert of Gloucester: “…and sir Robert, that were sons to sir Peirs de Mountfort; These, and many more, were taken there in the murder.”
Montfort, Simon de. Earl of Leicester and leader of baronial rebellion. Steward of England. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the commune of London in March 1264. Led baronial army at Lewes May 1264. Died in battle at Evesham. Osney: “he was slain there in a most shameful and unheard-of way. For they cut off his head, his hands, his feet, and his virile member, which is horrible to report, and cast lots upon them as upon his arms, as if they would carry them off by lot.” Wykes: “Simon de Montfort died, not only beheaded but also with his arms and legs cut off and cut into small pieces. When only his trunk remained a very vile band of footsoldiers, who envied him above all for his deeds, and, filled with the most vile kind of rage, cut off trophies from his corpse.”
Motun, Robert. Held manor of Peckleton, or Peyclinton, Leicestershire of the Earl of Leicester. Cal Inq Misc 772: “Robert Motun of Peyttelton was killed at Evesham. His land in Peyhtelton is worth £9. William Bagot received the Michaelmas rent, viz. 23s. 4d.” Wife named Juliana. CPR Jan 12th 1266: “to Juliana late the wife of Robert Motun, the king's enemy, killed at the battle of Evesham, that out of the lands of the said Robert in Peklinton which the king lately gave to William Bagod… she shall have [land] for the maintenance of herself and her children for her life.”
Normanvill, Ralph de. Possibly from Empingham in Rutland. Father (?) Ralph went on a pilgrimage to Santiago in April 1259 (CPR 1258-66) and died before May following, probably on the journey. Alternatively, may have held lands in Stainforth of the Percys, or Napton in Warwickshire. Son Adam de Normanvill paid Agnew de Vesci £277 to redeem his father’s manor of Thrybergh in Yorkshire. Cal Inq Misc 804: “Ralph de Normanvile was killed at Evesham. His house, lands, &c. (extent given), in Stainton are worth £4, 4s.”
Otterden, or Ottringden, Ralph de. Of the household of Robert de Crevequer. Cal Inq Misc 1024: “Sir Robert de Crevequer was with the earl of Leicester, and with the said Sir R. was Sir Ralph de Oteringedene one of his household at the siege of Rochester castle, at the Battle of Lewes, at Winchester, at the Battle of Evesham, and elsewhere.”
Passelow, or Passelewe, or Parslow, John de. Lord of Drayton Passelew, Buckinghamshire. Cal Inq Misc 633 (Bucks): “John Passelewe held Drayton in demesne. He was captured on the side of Simon de Monte Forti at Evesham… The earl of Gloucester is in seisin and his bailiffs took the Michaelmas rent…”
Roule, Roger de. Lord of Doverby in Cumberland and Quorndon in Leicestershire, perhaps as a tenant of Hugh Despenser. CPR Jan 28th 1271: “the lands late of Roger de Roule in Dovannesby [Doverby, Allerdale, Cumberland], killed against the king in the battle of Evesham, which the king on that account gave to Richard le Norreys his yeoman, which are worth 20 marks yearly and more, and are extended only at 10 marks yearly...” Melrose: “Roger de Rewle, a companion of the Guy [de Balliol] whom we have mentioned, and who also, like him, was killed.” Guisborough: “And there fell with him in a small area of ground… Sir Roger de Roule, and many other nobles along with a great number of people.”
Sandwich, Ralph de. Master of the great wardrobe. CPR Nov 28th 1266: “Pardon to Ralph de Sandwico, taken in the conflict at Evesham, of the king’s indignation and rancour of mind conceived towards him by occasion of the disturbance in the realm; on the mainprise of W. Bishop of Bath and Wells, the chancellor, Henry Malemayns, Geoffrey de Percy and William de Faukeham for his good behaviour.”
Segrave, Nicholas de. Lord of Segrave in Leicestershire and Stowe and Chaucombe in Northants. Father Gilbert killed on campaign in Gascony in 1254. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the commune of London in March 1264. Fought at Lewes May 1264. Cal Inq Misc 638: “Nicholas de Segrave was at the battle of Evesham with Sir Simon de Monteforti, and was taken there.” (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: “Roch de Segreve”). Robert of Glouc: “verily sir Nicole De Segrave was then taken.” Lands restored, went on crusade with Lord Edmund in 1271. Died in 1295. Married to Matilda de Lucy (or Maud), sister of Geoffrey de Lucy.
Soudan, Stephen. Marshal of the royal household under de Montfort in 1265, and granted two robes. Held lands in Kent. Cal Inq Misc 1024: “The earl of Leicester sent after Sir Stephen Soudan in the king’s name after the battle of Lewes, and the said Sir Stephen was made marshal of the king’s household, and so stayed with the king until the battle of Evesham; afterwards Sir Roger de Leyburn seized his lands, and by the king’s gift received redemption therefor…”
Spetchley, Richard de. Cal Inq Misc 936: “Richard de Spechesleye was against the king and perished in the battle of Evesham. He had in Spechesley 2 carucates of land worth £4. 9s. Michaelmas rent, 13s., which the collectors received. He had also a windmill which paid annually 16 quarters of mastin.” Cal Inq Misc 804: “Richard de Speschele in Wulingham was killed at Evesham. His house, lands… in Wulingham are worth 7s. 6d. No Michaelmas rent.”
St John, Roger de. Lord of Stanton Saint-John, Oxfordshire, and Lagham in Surrey. Roger de St. John attended the Parliament at Oxford in 1258. Westminster: “Roger St. John, Walter de Despigny, William of York, and Robert Tregos, all very powerful knights and barons, and besides all the guards and warlike cavalry fell in the battle…” Osney: “There were slain with him that very hour the most noble and valiant men… Roger of St. John…” Cal Inq Misc 904: “The manor late of Roger de Sancto Johanne in Lageham and Wilestede, taken possession of by Sir G. de Clare, earl of Gloucester, is valued at £30 with a Michaelmas rent of 66s. 8d.”
Tregoz, Robert. Son and heir of Geoffrey Tregoz, lord of Billingford in Norfolk and Tolleshunt, Blunteshale and Torpingho in Essex. Nephew of Baron Tregoze of Lydiard Tregoze in Wiltshire and Lord of Ewyas Harold in Herefordshire; “aged 24 on St. Benedict's day last, 40 Hen. III (1256)”. Cal Inq Misc 690: “Sir Robert Tregoz held the manor of Toleshunte of the king in chief, one hide of the abbess of Berkingh, one hide of John Fillull of Kelleveden, and 60 acres of the abbot of Cogeshal. The Michaelmas rents from the manor of Toleshunte … Sir John de Ardern received.” Westminster: “Walter de Despigny, William of York, and Robert Tregos, all very powerful knights and barons… fell in the battle…”
Trussell. Richard de. Lord of Billesley, Warwickshire, also Milverton and Allenhall, Warks. Both Richard and his younger brother William de Trussell supposedly fought at Lewes in 1264 and then at Evesham. Cal Inq Misc 844: “Sir Richard Trussell was killed in the battle of Evesham. He had two manors in the hundred, Thorp Maleshors and Merston. Sir Robert Pikot seized both.” Cal Inq Misc 929: “Richard Trussel, who was killed at Evesham, had the homage of an escheat at Mulverton and Margery his mother’s sister had all the rent by way of dower.” (Miracula Simonis de Montfort: Richard Trussel). College of Arms MS: “And in this battle there fell together with Earl Simon…Sir Richard Trussel…”
Trussel, William de. Brother of Richard de Trussell. Robert of Gloucester: “Sir William Trossel… And many a good man slain in that field.”
Uffington, David de. Lord of Didcot, by marriage to the widow of Andrew le Blunt, and held land in Caldecott. In the retinue of the Bishop of London, joined de Montfort together with his step-son, Robert le Blunt. Sent by de Montfort as an envoy to the King of Scots. Held prisoner by Osbert Giffard after Evesham but escaped or was released and joined rebels at Ely. Later operated as an outlaw in Epping Forest, stealing animals worth 10 marks from Didcot, until pardoned in 1267. Cal Inq Misc 188: “David de Offinton, taken at Evesham, held land in Caldecote. He is Sir Osbert Giffard’s prisoner.”
Vescy, John de. Baron of Alnwick, with estates in Northumberland and Yorkshire. Succeeded to the title while underage after his father’s death in Gascony in 1253. Swore the oath of mutual aid with the Commune of London in March 1264. College of Arms MS: “Prisoners taken were Sir John FitzJohn, Sir Henry of Hastings, Sir John de Vescy, Sir Nicholas of Segrave, Sir Peter de Montfort the younger…” Wounded and taken prisoner at Evesham. Took the severed foot of Simon de Montfort and gave it to Alnwick Abbey. Raised a new rebellion in the north in 1267. Rebellion crushed by Lord Edward after siege of Alnwick. Pardoned and later a close friend of Lord Edward; joined him at Acre in 1271.
Wyville, or Wideville, Robert de. Lord of Sproxton and Stonton Wyvill (11 miles SE of Leicester), held of the Earl of Leicester, besides lands in Northants and Leicester. According to Cox, mentioned as having been at Evesham in History and Antiquities of the County of Leicester. Held prisoner as of 13th Oct 1265. Cal Inq Misc 770 (fragmentary): “… taken in the battle of Evesham, held the manor of Staunton Wyville, worth… Michaelmas rent 37s 4d.”
York, William of. Lord of Oxenhall in Gloucestershire, Holme Lacy (Hamme) in Herefordshire, etc. Married to the sister of Walter Giffard, bishop of Bath and Wells. CPR Jul 7th 1264, given safe conduct together with several marcher barons and other royalists ‘coming to the king’; probably a royalist at that time. CPR May 17th 1265, William de Ebroicis promised restitution for lands pledged to Roger Mortimer for the ransom of Adam le Despenser, taken at Northampton. Sheriff of Hereford in June 1265. CPR Oct 12th 1265: “Grant for life at the instance of W. Bishop of Bath and Wells, the chancellor, and for the laudable services of his ancestor, to Maud late the wife of William de Ebroicis, who was killed at Evesham; sister of the said bishop, of the manors late of the said William, of Hamme, Oxenhale, Frome and Wileby, with the rents of Ballingham, Guting and Heynton, Trompiton and La Fenne, with the meadow of Jarchull, to hold as of the value of 60l. of land a year, with wards, reliefs and escheats.” Westminster: “Walter de Despigny, William of York, and Robert Tregos, all very powerful knights and barons… fell in the battle…”
Monfortians (unconfirmed)
Arundel, William of. Listed among the dead at Evesham in the Miracula Simonis de Montfort. Otherwise unknown; possibly a misspelling or duplication?
Basset, Ralph of Sapcote. Lord of Sapcote, Leicestershire, held of the honour of Leicester. Summoned to Parliament 24 December 1264. Member of the de Montfort affinity, often acting with Thomas de Astley. Basset stood surety for the earl's Jewish debt in 1243, and accompanied de Astley and Lord Simon to Gascony. Cal Inq Misc 929: “Sir Ralph Basset of Sapecote was with the earl of Leicester under arms….” Those mentioned alongside him (Astley, Hastings, Segrave) are specifically said to have fought at Evesham, so it seems likely that Basset of Sapcote did too. Following Evesham, his lands were confiscated and granted to John de Verdon. In September 1267 he contracted to ransom them under the dictum of Kenilworth, he was required to pay a ransom of 1000 marks over two years to regain them.
Birteley, Gilbert de. Probably a knight of Durham, maybe connected to Gilbert de Umfraville. Supposedly killed at Evesham, according to a note in Bain ‘Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland’, IV, 354.
Boseville, John de. At Evesham, according to Knowles, citing Rishanger / MS Dodsworth 40 (Bodleian) f228.
Bracey, Robert de. Lord of Madresfield in Worcestershire. Listed in Langridge and Kyte, Simon de Montfort: the Fatal Hours (2015) as a participant at Evesham. Cal Inq Misc 936: “Robert de Bracy was at one time with Sir John Estormy, who was with Sir John son of John, so his land was taken into the king’s hand. He had in Aston three parts of a carucate worth 18s. No Michaelmas rent.” Later served as knight of the shire for Worcestershire. Inquisition 20 January 1316, found to hold three knights fees at Warnedon, Madresfield and Braces Leigh, Worcester.
Breton, Matthew le. At Evesham, according to Knowles, citing MS Dodsworth 40 (Bodleian) f227.
Cornard, Richard of. Killed at Evesham, according to Cox, citing Rotuli Selecti.
Darcy or D’Arcy, Norman. Cal Inq Misc just says he was ‘a rebel against the king’. According to Cox, mentioned in Worcester Annals as having been at Evesham. Lord of Nocton and three other manors in Lincolnshire, son of Philip Darcy. Inherited from his father Philip in July 1264. “Sir Norman, his son, aged 28 and more, is his heir, and was married many years ago.”
Marshall, William. Baron Marshall of Hingham in Norfolk. Grandson of the elder brother of the famous William Marshall (i.e. he is great-nephew to the Marshall). Given title to his lands in 1242. Served as Deputy Marshal of Ireland. Married first, Pernel Ortiay, second Elizabeth de Ferrers, daughter of the Earl of Derby by his second wife (i.e. sister of Robert de Ferrers 6th Earl of Derby). Served in Wales 1260. 1263, commissioner looking into offences against the Provisions of Oxford. One of the Baronial representatives at the Mise of Amiens. Keeper of the Peace for Northamptonshire 1264. At Northampton in 1264, assembling the community in the Cow Meadow and addressing them on behalf of the Earl of Leicester. Taken prisoner with the fall of the town, released after the battle of Lewes. Died in 1265, possibly killed at, or died from wounds suffered in, the Battle of Evesham. Oct 17th 1265: “Grant to Alan Plugenet, for his services to the king and Edward, of the manor of Haselburg late of William le Mareschal, the king’s enemy.” June 4th 1266: “Grant, by way of grace and humanity, to Elizabeth late the wife of William le Mareschal… that she shall have [lands in] the manor of Chaddeston… Norton and Wytlebury…for the maintenance of herself and her household, for life.”
Newton, or Neuton, Robert de. Killed at Evesham, according to Knowles, citing CPR 1258-66 314 (?) / MS Dodsworth 40 (Bodleian) f227.
Pembridge, Henry de. Lord of Pembridge. Cal Inq Misc 936: “Henry de Penbrugge was against the king.” Sheriff of Hereford in 1255. Supposedly captured at Evesham and imprisoned at Wigmore. Made peace with King Henry on November 16th and had all his forfeited lands returned, except Pembridge, which remained in Roger de Mortimer’s hands.
Sackville, Jordan de. Lord of Buckhurst in Sussex by c 1250. By 1255 he was in possession of Emmington in Sussex. Supposedly captured at Evesham and imprisoned, but later pardoned (ref Feet of Fines Essex, I. 74).
Sepinges, Robert de. Listed among the dead at Evesham in the Miracula de Simonis de Montfort. Otherwise unknown; possibly a misspelling or duplication?
Verons, or Perons, William de. Listed among the dead at Evesham by Robert of Gloucester. Otherwise unknown; possibly a misspelling or duplication?.
Willey, Andrew de. Killed at Evesham, according to Cox, citing Public Record Office fine rolls.
Wortham, William de. Held land at Wortham in the Hundred of Hartesmere in Suffolk, besides estates in Bedfordshire and Norfolk. He was an associate of Bishop Robert Grossetest, and his sister Hawise was damoiselle to Countess Eleanor de Montfort. He departed Countess Eleanor’s household at Odiham with a present for Earl Richard at Kenilworth in March 1265. Mentioned in several sources as having been killed at Evesham, without cited evidence. Cal Inq Misc 611: “William de Wortham had the wardship of the heir of Richard le Bretun in Stondon and the earl of Gloucester seized it after Evesham.... Sir Philip Basset now has seism by the king’s order.”
Royalists (confirmed)
Apeldurfeld, William de. Knight of Gilbert de Clare’s retinue. Fought for de Montfort at Lewes and then for Lord Edward at Evesham. CPR: “Whereas the king, by charter, pardoned G. de Clare, earl of Gloucester, and those of his household who were against the king's enemies in the battle of Evesham; their trespasses in the conflict of Lewes, and elsewhere, and William de Apodorfeld (Apildorfeud in the margin), knight of the said earl, at the time of the earl's aid to the king… the said William is not to be occasioned contrary to the said pardon.”
Bassingbourne, Warin de. Held lands in Cambridgeshire and Limerick, Ireland. Robert of Gloucester: “…their foes fled soon, thickly, many a one. Sir Warin of Bassingbourne, when he saw this. Began forward to prick, and to shout on high, ”Turn, traitors! turn, and bear in your thoughts. How vilely at Lewes ye were to ground brought…”
Brun, Richard le. Of Gilbert de Clare’s retinue. Fought for de Montfort at Lewes and then for Lord Edward at Evesham. CPR 1270 ‘in the conflict of Lewes; as elsewhere, and Richard le Brun was with the earl (de Clare) on the king's side in the said battle (of Evesham)…’
Clare, Gilbert de. Earl of Gloucester and Hertford. Commanded the central division of de Montfort’s army at Lewes, but turned against him early in 1265. Joined Lord Edward at Wigmore or Ludlow in summer 1265, and commanded the right flank of his army at Evesham. CPR: “Pardon to G. de Clare, earl of Gloucester and Hertford, Thomas de Clare and John Giffard, and their households; in consideration of their aid to the king and Edward his son at the conflict at Evesham…” Wykes: “Then came the Earl of Gloucester, surrounded by a company of active soldiers of the second line, rushing in on the opposite side of the melee...” Guisborough: “[Edward] ordered his army into three divisions: he and his men on one side, the Earl of Gloucester on the other…” CPR: “Whereas the king, by charter, pardoned G. de Clare, earl of Gloucester, and those of his household who were against the king's enemies in the battle of Evesham; their trespasses in the conflict of Lewes, and elsewhere…”
Clare, Thomas de. Younger brother of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester. Acted as Edward’s custodian at Hereford in May 1265 and conspired in his escape. CPR: ““Pardon to G. de Clare, earl of Gloucester and Hertford, Thomas de Clare and John Giffard, and their households; in consideration of their aid to the king and Edward his son at the conflict at Evesham…”
Clifford, Roger de. Prominent marcher lord, aided Edward’s escape from Hereford in 1265. Osney: “Sir John Fitz John… was protected by the grace of God, and assisted by the judgement of Sir Roger de Clifford.”
Edward. Son of King Henry III. Guisborough: “When [Edward] heard that Earl Simon was coming towards Kenylworth, to join up with the army of his son, and to become stronger, he went forth to meet him on the third day at Evesham.”
Giffard, John. Baron of Brimpsfield. Fought for de Montfort at Lewes and then for Lord Edward at Evesham. CPR: “Pardon to G. de Clare, earl of Gloucester and Hertford, Thomas de Clare and John Giffard, and their households; in consideration of their aid to the king and Edward his son at the conflict at Evesham…” CPR: “Pardon to John Giffard, for his aid at the conflict at Evesham to the king and Edward his son for all traspasses and excesses…”
Giffard, Osbert. Cousin of John Giffard of Brimpsfield. Fought for de Montfort at Lewes and then for Lord Edward at Evesham. CPR: “Pardon to Osbert Giffard, in consideration of his strenuous aid in the conflict at Evesham against the enemies of the king and of his son Edward, of all the trespasses and excesses which he did in the realm of England by occasion of the late disturbance in the realm until this day…”
Horforton, Richard de. Cal Inq Misc: “who was in the battle of Evesham with Sir Edward.”
Keleshale, William. Cal Inq Misc: “Robert le Chamberlayn… was no enemy, open or secret, of the king, but supported him with mind, soul and counsel, for he sent to Evesham William de Keleshale, with horses and arms, his best and favourite esquire who sided (stetit) with Sir Edward and the earl of Gloucester”
Leyburne, Roger de. Held lands in Kent. Defended Rochester Castle against de Montfort over Easter 1264. Aided Edward’s escape from Hereford in 1265. Lanercost: “But the king was saved by a certain baron of the marches, named Roger de Leyburn” (rex vero salvatus est per quendam baronem de marchia, Rogerum de Leyburne nomine.)
Maltravers, William. Knight of the household of Gilbert de Clare. Fought for de Montfort at Lewes and then for Lord Edward at Evesham, where he joined the ‘death squad’ tasked with killing the earl, and then aided in dismembering his body. Robert of Gloucester: “William Mautravers (thanks have he none) Cut off his feet and hands, and his limbs many a one…”
Mohaut, Adam de. Guisborough: “The lord Adam de Mohaut recognised [the king] by his voice… and delivered him to his soldiers to take care of him.”
Mortimer, Roger. Baron of Wigmore. Guisborough: “[Edward] ordered his army into three divisions… Roger de Mortimer bringing up the rear.”
Ridware, Adam de. Probably of Hamstall Ridware, nr Lichfield. Supposedly killed by his own side after failing to wear the identifying red cross. Miracula: “On the part of Lord Edward there fell Hugh de Troia, knight, and Adam de Rid[mark], and a few others.”
Tracy, William. Cal Inq Misc: “for the strenuous aid to himself and Edward his son, of Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucester and Hertford, in the battle of Evesham; against the king's enemies… and whereas William de Tracy before the battle of Evesham; and at the time of the said aid, was a knight of the earl and an adherent of his against the king's enemies… the king has likewise pardoned him of such trespasses…”
Troyes, or Troia, Hugh de. Possibly a household knight of Lord Edward, possibly French. Served in the royal garrison of Gloucester Castle after its capture by Edward in late June 1265. Joined Edward’s army on or just before the day of battle. Supposedly killed by his own side after failing to wear the identifying red cross. College of Arms MS: “On Sir Edward’s side fell Sir Hugh de Troyes, Sir Adam de… and a few others.” Miracula: “On the part of Lord Edward there fell Hugh de Troia, knight, and Adam de Ridmark, and a few others.”
Royalists (unconfirmed)
Berkeley, Thomas de. Son of the staunch royalist Maurice de Berkeley. Born c.1245. Supposedly at the battle, according to 17th Century ‘Berkeley Papers’ (by John Smythe of Nibley), although we are not told on which side! Served with the royal army at the siege of Kenilworth in 1266 and was recompensed by the king for loss of a horse (Liberate Rolls).
Bigod, Hugh. Former justiciar, and brother of Roger Bigod, the lukewarm Montfortian Earl of Norfolk. Joined William de Valence and John de Warenne in their landing in Pembrokeshire in spring 1265, and then probably joined Edward’s forces. Wykes: “…Hugh Bigot, who a little before had taken the county of Pembroke with a vigorous band of warriors without resistance, increased [Edward’s] army.” Not specifically mentioned as participating in the battle, but likely to have been present.
Cheney, William de. Probably a household knight of Lord Edward. Served alongside Hugh de Troyes in the garrison of Gloucester Castle July-August 1265, and left with him to join Edward’s army before Evesham. As Hugh fought and died in the battle, de Cheney was probably there too, although unconfirmed.
Pauncefot, Grimbaud. lord of Great Cowarne. Captured after the fall of Gloucester in late June 1265, and defected to Edward’s side. Robert of Gloucester: “Then Grimbald Pauncefot turned to sir Edward anon. And was made knight, and bore arms against sir Simon; But never after was there such good word of him as was before.” Probably fought at Evesham, as that would have been the sole opportunity for him to ‘bear arms’ against de Montfort.
Valence, William de. Earl of Pembroke. Landed with a force of men in Pembrokeshire in the spring of 1265, marched east and probably joined Edward at Ludlow. Wykes: “…William de Valence… who a little before had taken the county of Pembroke with a vigorous band of warriors without resistance, increased [Edward’s] army.” Not specifically mentioned as participating in the battle, but likely to have been present.
Warenne, John de. Earl of Surrey and Lord of Lewes. Together with William de Valence, landed with a force of men in Pembrokeshire in the spring of 1265, marched east and probably joined Edward at Ludlow. Wykes: “…the Earl of Warrene… who a little before had taken the county of Pembroke with a vigorous band of warriors without resistance, increased [Edward’s] army.” Not specifically mentioned as participating in the battle, but likely to have been present.